The Samburu Special Five

Published on:
5th May 2025
4 Minutes Read

Interesting Facts About The Samburu Special Five

The Big Five animals may get all the attention in Africa, but you ought to know that Samburu National Reserve is home to the unique animals you must be looking for: the Samburu Special 5. Comprising the reticulated giraffe, the Somali ostrich, the gerenuk, the Beisa oryx, and the Grevy's zebra, these rare animals are endemic to the Samburu ecosystem. Below are the members of the Samburu Special Five.

1. Reticulated Giraffe

The reticulated giraffes are huge and look different from the Rothschild giraffe and Maasai giraffe found in other national parks and reserves in Kenya and elsewhere in Africa. These giraffes have striking red hides divided by a jigsaw pattern of white lines (reticulations).

The spots of the reticulated giraffe are easily identifiable. They are lighter brown and shaped like polygons with straight, smooth sides. Reticulated giraffes are normally shorter than the common Masai giraffe. They perfectly blend in with the red Samburu landscape and are fond of taking a morning stroll down the dried-up river bed, which is a great spot for them to have breakfast.

Only about 8,500 individuals of the reticulated giraffe are left in the world, and they are found in the Samburu National Reserve in Somalia, southern Ethiopia, and northern Kenya.

2. Beisa Oryx

These majestic antelopes have pale grey coats to reflect the excess sunlight. They possess spear-like horns, with the females having longer horns than the males. They also have black and white facial markings and a black side stripe along the flank. They are quite shy and will normally walk away when you approach a group. They tend to feed on succulent plants to obtain moisture and have adapted to feeding at night and early in the morning while retreating under shade during the day to escape the heat.

There are two subspecies of the beisa oryx: the common beisa oryx found throughout the Horn of Africa and north of the Tana River, and the fringe-eared oryx found south of the Tana River in southern Kenya and Tanzania.

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3. Grevy's Zebra

Grevy's zebras (or imperial zebras) are the largest living equid and the most endangered of the three zebra species. They can only be found in northern Kenya and a few isolated pockets of land in Ethiopia. Most safari-goers are familiar with plains zebras (the most populous species found throughout East and Southern Africa), and some have seen the mountain zebras of South Africa and Namibia.

Grevy's zebras can be distinguished by their large heads, rounded ears, and narrow black-and-white body stripes. The stripes extend to the flank, leaving a white belly. They are active day and night and occur in small groups. However, they are less social than plains zebras and show less social behavior, such as grooming.

4. Somali Ostrich

There are only two species of ostrich: the common ostrich and the Somali ostrich. They look very similar, but the male common ostrich has a pink neck and pink legs, while the male Somali ostrich has a blueish neck and thighs.

The Somali Ostrich is an elusive bird species and possibly the biggest bird on earth. It differs from the common ostrich and was declared a distinct species in 2014. Somali ostriches are large, flightless birds identified by their grey-blue necks and thighs. In the mating season, the blue on male ostriches becomes bright blue.

Though Somali ostriches are a distinct species of ostrich, they can be found in the Horn of Africa in Somalia, Ethiopia, and Northern Kenya's Samburu National Reserve.

5. Gerenuk

Gerenuk, also known as giraffe gazelle, is a notably tall, slender bird with an abnormally long neck adapted to feeding on acacia trees while standing on its hind legs with a wedge-like head and large, round eyes. It is characterized by its long, slender neck and limbs. They have two types of coloration that are visible on their smooth coat: the reddish brown back, or "saddle," and the lighter flanks, fawn to buff. The horns, present only in males, are lyre-shaped. Curved backward, then slightly forward. Their underbelly and insides of the legs are creams in color. The eyes and the mouth are surrounded by white fur. Females have a dark patch on the crown.

The gerenuk is a diurnal animal. It is active mainly during the day, though it typically stands or rests in the shade during the afternoon. Foraging and feeding are the major activities throughout the day. Females appear to spend more time feeding. The gerenuk may expose itself to rain, probably to cool its body. The social structure consists of small herds of two to six members. Herds typically comprise members of a single sex, though female herds additionally have juveniles. Some males lead a solitary life.

Key Takeaway

But fret not: they are not the only animals you may spot here. Samburu National Reserve is also one of the few in Africa where you can be sure to spot the endangered African wild dog. Also, the National Reserve boasts over 900 elephants and is home to big cats, that’s lions, leopards, and cheetahs. Luckily, safari-goers also have a high chance of spotting the elusive leopard in Samburu. 

You'll also be able to spot impalas, hippos, and buffalo. At the same time, the river is home to a healthy population of Nile crocodiles.Bird lovers will be happy to know the reserve is home to 450 bird species. On game drives, you can spot kingfishers, marabous, vultures, guinea fowls, Somali ostriches, egrets, falcons, and eagles.

RoamRoar Kenya Safaris offers incredible, budget-friendly tours to the Samburu National Reserve, designed for all types of travelers. When you book with us, you can expect an unforgettable safari experience.

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